Tuesday, October 30, 2012

No more tears from tears

Monday, October 29, 2012

Commercial medical tapes on the market today are great at keeping medical devices attached to the skin, but often can do damage?such as skin tissue tearing?once it's time to remove them.

A research team from Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH) has invented a quick-release tape that has the strong adhesion properties of commercial medical tape, but without the ouch factor upon removal.

The team was led by Jeffrey Karp, PhD, BWH Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, senior study author in collaboration with The Institute for Pediatric Innovation which defined the need and requirements for a new neonatal adhesive based on national surveys of neonatal clinicians.

The study detailing the tape design will be electronically published on October 29, 2012 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The research was conducted in collaboration with Robert Langer, PhD at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

The tape which achieves strong adhesion when securing medical devices to skin, but could also easily peel off safely, utilizes a three-layer design approach that sets a new paradigm for quick-release medical tapes.

"Current adhesive tapes that contain backing and adhesive layers are tailored to fracture at the adhesive-skin interface. With adults the adhesive fails leaving small remnants of adhesive on the skin while with fragile neonate skin, the fracture is more likely to occur in the skin causing significant damage," said Karp. "Our approach transitions the fracture zone away from the skin to the adhesive-backing interface thus completely preventing any harm during removal."

The approach incorporates an anisotropic adhesive interface between the backing and adhesive layers. The anisotropic properties of this middle layer means that it has different physical properties dependent on direction. For instance, take wood, which is stronger along the grain than across it.

The researchers employed laser etching and a release liner to create the anisotropic interface resulting in a medical tape with high shear strength (for strong adhesion) and low peel force (for safe, quick removal). Once the backing is peeled off, any remaining adhesive left on the skin can safely be rolled off with a finger using a "push and roll" technique.

"This is one of the biggest problems faced in the neonate units, where the patients are helpless and repeatedly wrapped in medical tapes designed for adult skin," said Bryan Laulicht, PhD, BWH Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Medicine, lead study author.

There are more than 1.5 million injuries each year in the United States caused by medical tape removal. Such injuries in babies and the elderly?populations with fragile skin?can range from skin irritation to permanent scarring.

###

Brigham and Women's Hospital: http://www.brighamandwomens.org

Thanks to Brigham and Women's Hospital for this article.

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Source: http://www.labspaces.net/124893/No_more_tears_from_tears

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Thursday, October 18, 2012

Obama and Romney push for women votes

Republican presidential nominee Mitt Romney and President Barack Obama spar during the second presidential debate at Hofstra University, Tuesday, Oct. 16, 2012, in Hempstead, N.Y. (AP Photo/Charlie Neibergall)

Republican presidential nominee Mitt Romney and President Barack Obama spar during the second presidential debate at Hofstra University, Tuesday, Oct. 16, 2012, in Hempstead, N.Y. (AP Photo/Charlie Neibergall)

Republican presidential nominee Mitt Romney, left, addresses President Barack Obama during the second presidential debate at Hofstra University, Tuesday, Oct. 16, 2012, in Hempstead, N.Y. (AP Photo/Pool-Shannon Stapleton)

Republican presidential nominee Mitt Romney and President Barack Obama speak during the second presidential debate at Hofstra University, Tuesday, Oct. 16, 2012, in Hempstead, N.Y. (AP Photo/David Goldman)

Republican presidential nominee Mitt Romney listens as President Barack Obama speaks during the second presidential debate at Hofstra University, Tuesday, Oct. 16, 2012, in Hempstead, N.Y. (AP Photo/David Goldman)

Republican presidential nominee Mitt Romney and President Barack Obama spar over energy policy during the second presidential debate at Hofstra University, Tuesday, Oct. 16, 2012, in Hempstead, N.Y. (AP Photo/Charlie Neibergall)

CHESAPEAKE, Va. (AP) ? President Barack Obama on Wednesday ridiculed challenger Mitt Romney's debate description of receiving "binders full of women," while the GOP nominee said the incumbent's policies have failed female voters.

The two bounded out of their quarrelsome Tuesday night debate on an intensified search for voters who will swing the election, with a particular focus on women.

Democrats criticized Romney's answers during the debate on gender pay equity and how he recruited women to his administration as governor of Massachusetts. Romney said he went to "a number of women's groups and said, 'Can you help us find folks?' And they brought us whole binders full of women."

The comment became an instant trend on social media networks, spawning parodies and its own accounts on Twitter and Facebook. Obama piled on, telling Iowa voters: "We don't have to collect a bunch of binders to find qualified, talented women." He reminded them that the first bill he signed into law was pay equity legislation named after Lilly Ledbetter that Romney did not support.

Romney argued that he has the answer for women who want better schools and job opportunities.

"Why is it that there are 3.6 million more women in poverty today than when the president took office?" Romney asked at a rally in Chesapeake, Va. "This president has failed America's women."

Polling on the women's vote has been mixed, with some surveys showing Romney erasing Obama's advantage since their first debate two weeks ago and others showing Obama maintaining a lead.

To reach out, Obama spoke with his sleeves rolled up to expose a pink rubber bracelet in honor of October as Breast Cancer Awareness Month. GOP running mate Paul Ryan was introduced in Ohio by former Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice, and both talked about how women have been hurt by the economy under Obama. Both campaigns filled risers behind their rally podiums with female supporters so they would dominate television shots of the candidates addressing the crowd.

The Democratic National Committee held a conference call with reporters to dispute Romney's telling of his female recruitment efforts as governor. Jesse Mermell, former executive director of the Massachusetts Government Appointments Project (MassGAP), said Romney did not request the resumes after he was elected in 2002 but that the group approached his team to encourage more women appointments to senior positions.

Mermell said Romney displayed "a 1950's 'Mad Men' attitude" toward women.

"Mitt Romney's general attitudes are stuck in the past," she said. "His comments last night could not have been more condescending or more out of date."

In a competing conference call organized by the Republican National Committee, New Hampshire Sen. Kelly Ayotte argued Romney "had a phenomenal track record as governor of recruiting and getting terrific women to lead with him."

"It seems like the whole focus of the Democrats on the binder issue is because they don't want to talk about the issues that really matter to all voters. All issues are women's issues," she said, citing the economy, debt, national security and the recent violence in Libya.

"Women care about that too," Ayotte said.

Romney also quietly began airing a new TV ad suggesting he believes abortion "should be an option" in cases of rape, incest or when the life of the mother is at stake.

The ad is an appeal to women voters, who polls show have favored Obama throughout the race although Romney has been making gains among them. Romney supported abortion rights as Massachusetts governor but now says he opposes abortion with limited exceptions. His campaign didn't announce the ad, but it began running on debate night on stations that reach Virginia, Ohio and Wisconsin.

Romney traveled with comedian Dennis Miller, and singer Lee Greenwood warmed up his crowd in southeast Virginia. Vice President Joe Biden was westward bound for Colorado and Nevada.

The candidates debated Tuesday night as if their political lives depended on it ? because they do. It was a re-energized Obama who showed up at Hofstra University, lifting the spirits of Democrats who felt let down by the president's limp performance in the candidates' first encounter two weeks ago.

He won over Cedar Rapids pediatrician Pat O'Grady, 50, an independent who voted for Obama in 2008 but was unhappy with the president's health care law. O'Grady said he was considering a switch to Romney before the debate.

"It's kind of sad how both politicians have to lower themselves to the lowest level," O'Grady said. "It wasn't pretty. But I guess you have to be tough. I'm glad Obama was more engaged this time."

The debate was a pushy, interruption-filled encounter full of charges and countercharges that the other guy wasn't telling the truth. The candidates were both verbally and physically at odds in the town hall-style format, at one point circling each other on center stage like boxers in a prize fight.

"I thought it was a real moment," Biden told NBC's "Today" show in a taped interview aired Wednesday. "When they were kind of circling each other, it was like, 'Hey, come on man, let's level with each other here.'"

One of the debate's tensest moments came when Romney suggested Obama's administration may have misled the public over what caused the attack at the U.S. Consulate in Benghazi, Libya, last month that killed four Americans. The issue is sure to continue to be debated next week at the third and closing debate, focused on foreign policy and scheduled for Monday at Lynn University in Boca Raton, Fla.

"As the facts come out about the Benghazi attack we learn more troubling facts by the day," Ryan told "This Morning" on CBS. "So that's why need to get to the bottom of this to get answers so that we can prevent something like this from ever happening again."

___

Pickler reported from Washington. Associated Press writers Ken Thomas and Ryan J. Foley in Mount Vernon, Iowa, Nancy Benac and Matthew Daly in Washington and Beth Fouhy in New York City contributed to this report.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/3d281c11a96b4ad082fe88aa0db04305/Article_2012-10-17-Presidential%20Campaign/id-2c84424e9f254a9cb922763dcd1c78a1

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Russia to increase military export: Voice of Russia

On October 17th the Russian leader summed up the preliminary results of the military technology cooperation between Russia and its partners for 2012, saying that it is absolutely legitimate in character. Moscow has been accused more than once in recent times of offering military support to the regimes that, as some countries believe, have lost their legitimacy. Vladimir Putin put a particular emphasis on the fact that nobody could dictate to Russia what policy it should implement in the field of military technology cooperation. Only sanctions of the UN Security Council can serve as sufficient substantiation for limiting supplies that can be used for military purposes.

"In all other cases nobody and under no pretext can dictate to Russia or to any other state with whom and how it should trade. Unilateral or collective restrictions and bans outside the framework of the UN Security Council, especially, if they are politically motivated are not regarded as within international law. With all ensuing consequences."

The Russian head of state also said that while signing contracts Russia comprehensively assesses the situation in this or that part of the world. Not all exporters of military hardware are so scrupulous, he added. Moreover, Moscow plans to perfect the legal base for cooperation in military technology, and to bring both bilateral and multilateral contracts into conformity with the present-day realities, and also to form a long-term programme of cooperation with its partners.

By October of 2012 Russia has supplied armaments and military hardware to its clients abroad to the tune of more than 10 billion dollars out of the planned 13 odd billions. The current volume of export may surpass last year?s figures, Vladimir Putin said.

"The plan of export supplies for this year is strictly being implemented. Military supplies to the tune of 10.7 billion dollars were carried out by October 1st . This is approximately 80 per cent of the planned work for this year. We can forecast that we will increase somewhat the supplies of military hardware and arms abroad as compared with 2011. Such a positive trend, of course, should be maintained."

President Putin claimed that Russia is one of the key participants in the global market of armaments. In export volumes it remains second in the world and takes care of its reputation as a conscientious and responsible partner. Vladimir Putin stressed that Moscow will develop military technology cooperation with the BRICS countries and Vietnam on the basis of new approaches displaying flexibility and expediency. This is caused by the high competition on the arms market.

India and China are Russia?s traditional partners. However, South Africa and Brazil have great prospects for boosting their relationships in the field of military technology cooperation. Meaning first of all production cooperation and joint research, the creation of service systems, and of course, gaining a joint access to the markets of third countries. At the same time, Russia?s President believes that his country should develop the technologies for the production of special equipment for the military-industrial complex, which it purchases abroad.

The deepening of civilized and mutually advantageous partnership is a very important instrument for the safeguarding of Russia?s foreign-policy interests and an inseparable part of efforts to counter global challenges and threats, the President summed up.

Source: http://english.ruvr.ru/2012_10_17/Russia-to-increase-military-export/

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Friday, October 12, 2012

Scientists probe fresh Martian meteorite?

Scientists probe fresh Martian meteorite?

Rock holds clues to Red Planet?s atmosphere and surface conditions

Web edition : Thursday, October 11, 2012

access Enlarge

Martian meteorite

This 1.1-kilogram chunk of the Tissint Martian meteorite shows distinct charring from Earth?s atmosphere and pockets of black glass that contain trapped gas from Mars.

Natural History Museum, London

A meteorite that streaked to Earth in a blazing fireball over the Moroccan desert is one of the freshest samples of the Red Planet?s surface and atmosphere that scientists have ever seen.

Desert nomads recovered fragments of the Tissint meteorite, one of just five from Mars that have been seen during their descent, after it landed early in the morning of July 18, 2011. The space rock resembles a meteorite found in Antarctica in 1980 that was the first to show strong evidence of its Martian origin. But unlike other Martian meteorites that have sat on Earth?s surface for tens or hundreds of years before being discovered, Tissint hasn?t had much time to be altered by terrestrial influences.

?It?s really a great sample if you?re interested in studying something that has more or less been delivered straight from Mars, uncontaminated, to the Earth,? says planetary scientist Carl Agee of the University of New Mexico.

Other scientists agree but don?t rule out contamination entirely. ?It sat around the desert for months,? says planetary scientist Harry McSween Jr. of the University of Tennessee, and the meteorite probably wasn?t collected under sterile conditions. ?Nevertheless, it?s an interesting sample, in that it is probably less altered than others we have that weren?t collected immediately.? ?

The meteorite provides evidence of weathering that occurred on Mars? surface, says Hasnaa Chennaoui Aoudjehane, a geologist at Hassan II University in Casablanca, Morocco, and lead author of the report on the rock, published online October 11 in Science. ?It?s really the first time that can be shown in a Martian meteorite excluding any terrestrial contamination,? she says. The team?s findings are in line with observations of Mars made by NASA spacecraft and rovers.

The new report suggests the meteorite formed from Martian lava rock that was worn down by weathering, possibly by liquid water. Then, about 700,000 years ago, something impacted the Red Planet and blasted a piece of that rock into space, on an ultimate collision course with Earth.

Tissint is a type of meteorite known as a shergottite, composed of volcanic rock rich in the elements iron and magnesium. The shiny black coating on the meteorite chunks betrays the roasting they underwent in the Earth?s atmosphere. The rocky interior is punctuated by black glassy bubbles and channels, formed when the impact on Mars created a shock wave that melted small pockets of rock. These glass bubbles contain a treasure trove of trapped Martian atmospheric gas and surface minerals.

?It?s sort of like having a little Martian environment tucked away inside that meteorite,? Agee says.

Many groups are studying Tissint, and much of the exciting research on this meteorite is yet to come, scientists say. But for Chennaoui Aoudjehane, a native of Morocco, the rock has a deeper meaning: ?This meteorite is important for me and for my country,? she says.

Citations

H. Chennaoui Aoudjehane et al. Tissint Martian Meteorite: A Fresh Look at the Interior, Surface, and Atmosphere of Mars. Science. Published online October 11, 2012. doi: 10.1126/science.1224514. [Go to]

Suggested Reading

R. Cowen. Ancient Mars water: A deep source? Science News, Vol.159, No. 8 (Feb. 24, 2001), p. 123. [Go to]

L. Grossman. Famous Martian meteorite younger than thought. Science News, Vol. 177, No. 10 (Apr 15, 2010), p. 10. [Go to]

Mars Meteorite Poses Puzzling Questions. Science News, Vol. 147, No. 12 (Mar 25, 1995).
[Go to]

Source: http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/345727/title/Scientists_probe_fresh_Martian_meteorite%C2%A0_

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